目录：

葡萄胎超声图片及报告

咽食管憩室超声表现

铸件XXX探伤

经食管超声心动图检查

葡萄胎超声图片及报告

1、【摘 要】 目的 分析孕早期不典型葡萄胎的超声诊断.方法 62例不典型葡萄胎患者, 对其临床资料和超声检查结果进行回顾性分析.结果 62例不典型葡萄胎患者中, 40例患者被证实为不典型葡萄胎, 其他22例患者被误诊为过期流产.结论 孕早期不典型葡萄胎的超声表现复杂, 超声表现缺乏典型性, 临床误诊率和漏诊率较高, 临床诊断中应结合超声检查、临床表现、彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）与血β绒毛膜促怀腺激素（β-HCG）, 进而使临床诊断的准确性提高.

2、Clinical XXXXysis of ultrasound diagnosis of atypical hydatidiform mole in 62 early pregnancy cases WEI Yue. Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Zhanjiang 524000, China

3、【Abstract】 Objective To XXXXyze the ultrasound diagnosis of atypical hydatidiform mole in early pregnancy. Methods The clinical data and ultrasound findings of 62 atypical hydatidiform mole were retrospectively XXXXyzed. Results Among 62 atypical hydatidiform mole cases, there were 40 cases comfirmed as atypical hydatidiform mole, and the other 22 cases were misdiagnosed as missed abortion. Conclusion The ultrasound XXnifestations of atypical hydatidiform mole in early pregnancy are complex and atypical, and the clinical misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate are high. Clinical diagnosis should be combined with ultrasound, clinical XXnifestations, color doppler flow iXXging （CDFI） and blood huXXn chorionic gonadotropin β （β-HCG）, so as to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis.

4、葡萄胎是指孕婦在妊娠后, 体内胎盘绒毛滋养细胞发生异常增生, 终末绒毛不断转变为相连成串的水泡, 临床中也将其称之为水泡状胎块[1].临床中常常将葡萄胎分成不完全性葡萄胎和完全性葡萄胎；完全性葡萄胎的占比较高, 出现恶化的几率较高, 部分性葡萄胎的占比较低, 不容易出现恶化[2].通过超声图能准确检查和诊断典型葡萄胎, 但是不典型葡萄胎其病理状态比较复杂, 缺乏明显的实验室检查特征, 所以临床误诊率和漏诊率较高[3].本研究主要分析了孕早期不典型葡萄胎的超声诊断, 现做报告如下.

咽食管憩室超声表现

1、[摘 要] 目的 探討和分析超声对于咽食管憩室的临床诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析2005年2月—2016年9月经彩超检查后,通过手术、颈部CT或者X线钡剂造影、以及胃镜证实而确诊的36例咽食管憩室患者,对其声像图特征进行总结分析.结果 36例咽食管憩室,大小都处在6 mm×4 mm～18 mm×12 mm之间,位置也都处在甲状腺左侧叶的后部.经超声声像检查发现以下特点：都位于甲状腺左侧叶的后方,9例显现蝌蚪形,其余以类圆形多见,4例较大者只能模糊的展现和食管壁的关系；让受检者做吞咽动作之后,见到24例病灶和甲,状腺之间产生了相对运动,另外12例则没有相对运动；通过XX进行加压后,20例外在形状和内部强回声形状具有显著改变,16例没有较大改变；在饮水和吞咽唾液后,26例病灶区内有气体强回声现象和唾液现象、或是病灶区内的点状强回声现象显著降低甚至彻底消除,10例没有较大改变；采用彩色多普勒技术及B-flower技术均未显示血流信号.结论 憩室内点状或斑片状强回声,周边可见半环状、声晕状低回声和食管壁相连续,饮水后内部回声改变是咽食管憩室特征性超声表现；超声结合饮水试验多切面观察可提高其诊断准确度；采用彩色多普勒技术及B-flower技术可有效区别于甲状腺结节（71%的甲状腺结节可显示其周边及或内部血流信号）.这对该病的诊断及和甲状腺结节的有效鉴别诊断会产生极大的意义.

2、[Abstract] Objective This XXXXX tries to investigate and XXXXyze the clinical value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pharyngeal and esophageal diverticulum. Methods From February 2005 to September 2016, 36 cases of pharyngoesophageal diverticulum diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasonography after surgery, neck CT or radiography, and gastroscopy were retrospectively reviewed to sumXXrize their sonographic features. Results 36 cases of pharyngeal esophageal diverticulum, the size was between 6 mm×4 mm～18 mm×12 mm, the location was also in the left thyroid foliage at the back. The sonographic findings revealed the following features： all located in the posterior thyroid left lobe, 9 cases showed tadpole-shaped, others were more common round-like, 4 cases of larger could only vaguely show the relationship with the esophageal wall； After the swallowing action, the seizures of 24 cases and relatives of the thyroid gland and thyroid gland were observed. In the other 12 cases, there was no relative motion. After the probe was pressurized, the external shape and internal echo shape of 20 cases were significant changed, 16 cases did not change significantly； after drinking water and swallowing saliva, there were gas hyperechoic phenomenon and saliva phenomenon in 26 cases of lesion area, or point-like hyperechoic phenomenon in lesion area was significantly reduced or even completely eliminated, 10 cases did not have large changes； using color Doppler technology and B-flower technology did not show the blood flow signal. Conclusion Diverticulum punctate or spot-like hyperechoic, around the visible semi-annular sound hypoechoic echo and esophageal wall continuous after drinking water, the internal echo is pharyngeal esophageal diverticulum characteristic ultrasound； ultrasound combined with drinking water test multi-slice observation can improve its diagnostic accuracy； using color Doppler technology and B-flower technology can be distinguished from thyroid nodules （71% of thyroid nodules can show peripheral and / or internal blood flow signals）. This diagnosis of the disease and the effective identification of thyroid nodules will have a great significance.

铸件XXX探伤

1、铍铜合金是一种具有良好综合性能的合金，有很高的强度、硬度、弹性，还具有良好的导电性、导热性、耐模性和耐腐蚀性，以及非发火性，铸锻性，非磁性等优良特性，其应用十分广阔。主要应用于XX，计算机，汽车电子元件，电子工业和XX、XX、石油、化工等行业，也可应用于电器连接器，IC插座，开关继电器，手提电脑及天然气钻探设备等，这些行业对其质量要求非常严格，故XXX探伤尤为重要。

2、超声探伤是质量控制的一种重要手段。对于铍铜合金材料中可能存在的冶金XX（如夹杂，气孔）、工艺XX（如变形不足、起皮，裂纹等）和组织XX，许多厂家都用超声探伤检测进行质量控制。本文对铍青铜大规格棒材的.超声探伤技术进行了研究。

3、棒材探伤可采用纵波脉冲反射法，即直XX直接接触法，，该方法是将XXXXX与平滑的工件表面接触或用其它方法耦合后，就能使XXX在在工件中传播，遇到XX将引起反射。它易于发现工件与声速方向垂直，具有一定截面积的XX。检测时从棒材的压余端开始，检验过程中应沿一个圆周方向进行，XXX束应由棒材的一侧入射，原则上应在探测面上从两个相互垂直的方向进行全面扫查。

4、对比试块可以调节探伤灵敏度;测试仪器和XX的性能;调整扫描速度;是评判XX大小的依据。为了保证不同直径的棒材的检测的可靠性，制作了阶梯式对比试块，该对比试块原料是电渣铍青铜，为退火态。经XXX检验合格后制作的。在对比试块的1/2D处制作了深度为15mm，φ0.8mm横通孔，其余均为φ2mm平底孔，加工尺寸如图1。

经食管超声心动图检查

1、患者男，62岁，入院前1年无明显诱因下夜间出现胸闷气短，程度尚可，5~6 d发作1次，10 d前自觉症状较前加重，为进一步诊治就诊于我院，既往高血压50年，糖尿病18年。体格检查：体温35 ℃，脉搏70次/min，呼吸18次/min，血压130/80 mmHg(1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa)，心率93次/min，心律绝对不齐，第一心音强弱不等，各瓣膜听诊区未闻及杂音。心电图检查：异位心律，心房颤动(房颤)伴慢心室率，不完全右束支阻滞，ST-T改变。经胸超声心动图(transthoracic echocardiography，TTE)显示：双房增大，左室舒张功能减低，主动脉瓣钙化，二尖瓣、三尖瓣、主动脉瓣轻度反流。经食管超声心动图(transesophageal echocardiography，TEE)显示：多切面扫查，正常左心耳位未见左心耳结构，双房及右心耳结构正常，内壁光滑，未见血栓回声(图1A，B)。左房CTA提示：左心房略大、未见明确左心耳影像，肺动脉干增宽，主动脉瓣钙化(图1C，D)。初步诊断：冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病，不稳定型心绞痛，心功能Ⅱ级，房颤，先天性左心耳缺如。患者经导管消融术后房颤消失。